All parts of such a system need to be well-functioning, and, in particular, its transfer nodes and interchange stations need to have a reliable and efficient operation without introducing unnecessary delays into the system. IntroductionĪ high-quality public transport system is becoming increasingly important for cities all over the world hoping to reduce the pollution and congestion caused by car traffic. The results indicate that the model can be a useful tool in planning processes. An implementation of the model is presented and, as a first sensitivity test, applied in a numerical experiment representing Norrköping interchange station in Sweden. The model has a modular approach, where common spatial sections at terminals are represented by modules that can be easily combined into many different terminal layouts. It is based on discrete event simulation and able to describe the detailed movements and interactions that occur between vehicles at larger terminals. To this end, a conceptual simulation model for evaluation of bus terminal operations is presented in this paper. Bus access at the station needs to operate reliably and efficiently in order to prevent congestion and queues. Interchange stations with their many connecting modes and lines are central for a high-quality public transport system.
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